阿迪達(dá)斯:如果這鞋適合的話(huà)......
譯者按:阿迪達(dá)斯與銳步的“姻親”是典型的取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短,阿迪達(dá)斯在專(zhuān)業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)尤其是足球運(yùn)動(dòng)方面是獨(dú)領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷,而銳步則把時(shí)尚成功引入運(yùn)動(dòng)準(zhǔn)備;阿迪達(dá)斯在歐洲和亞洲都很強(qiáng)大,而銳步在北美表現(xiàn)十分出色,二者結(jié)合是相得益彰,十分的互補(bǔ)。
近年來(lái)有人主張中國(guó)的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋也應(yīng)該走合并壯大規(guī)模之路,此舉應(yīng)該十分的慎重為妙。目前中國(guó)的國(guó)產(chǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋市場(chǎng)上雖然有不少的品牌,但是這些品牌的定位模糊,特質(zhì)也不明顯。沒(méi)有特質(zhì),就談不上互補(bǔ),勉強(qiáng)的合并只能把“肥馬拖瘦,瘦馬拖死”,中國(guó)的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋市場(chǎng)還在發(fā)展之中,遠(yuǎn)未及歐洲和北美市場(chǎng)的成熟,塵埃落定之時(shí)可能還要許多年之后。
首席執(zhí)行官赫伯特.海勒(Herbert Hainer)說(shuō)明了銳步交易后的邏輯,以及他為什么把合并后的公司視為一個(gè)巨大的進(jìn)步。
阿迪達(dá)斯-薩拉蒙的首席執(zhí)行官赫伯特.海納可能是歐洲身體最好的CEO之一,證據(jù)就是他經(jīng)常穿著他的公司最具有標(biāo)志性之一的產(chǎn)品:跑鞋。這位瘦長(zhǎng)的前半職業(yè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員最近幾周需要耗費(fèi)大量的精力,因?yàn)樗罱K毅然決定了阿迪達(dá)斯38億美元對(duì)總部在坎頓(Canton)(馬薩諸塞州)的體育服裝制造商銳步國(guó)際的并購(gòu)。
在8月3日宣布這個(gè)交易之前,海納和他的員工和顧問(wèn)在阿迪達(dá)斯的總部巴伐利亞(Bavarian)的赫爾佐根奧拉赫(Herzogenaurach)通宵達(dá)旦的工作。之后,海納立即展開(kāi)世界之旅向投資界宣傳這筆交易的價(jià)值,他在法蘭克福與《商業(yè)周刊》(美國(guó),譯者注)的歐洲地區(qū)的編輯杰克.艾得文(Jack Ewing)展開(kāi)了對(duì)話(huà),下面是他們對(duì)話(huà)的節(jié)選:
問(wèn):你剛剛完成了在倫敦和法蘭克福的巡回說(shuō)明,下周還將在紐約和波士頓重演,你希望從投資者和分析家那里得到怎樣的反應(yīng)?
答:良好的反應(yīng),我估計(jì)。最好的衡量辦法總是股票價(jià)格,股價(jià)的反應(yīng)相當(dāng)積極。我想大多數(shù)人的反應(yīng)都是積極的。
問(wèn):在交易宣布之后,你在電話(huà)會(huì)議上提到并購(gòu)將會(huì)提升你們的產(chǎn)品研發(fā),你打算將來(lái)合并阿迪達(dá)斯和銳步的研發(fā)部門(mén)嗎?
答:我們肯定會(huì)保持兩個(gè)品牌的分離,但是它們肯定會(huì)在研發(fā)方面分享更多的信息,例如專(zhuān)利和新技術(shù)。
我們的研發(fā)部門(mén)可以比在阿迪達(dá)斯公司之內(nèi)有更多的創(chuàng)新和新技術(shù)。你需要資金,你需要人才,你需要精力,所有的這些東西你都肯定可以在更寬的基礎(chǔ)上來(lái)分享。一個(gè)技術(shù)可以從阿迪達(dá)斯品牌開(kāi)始,在一年后引進(jìn)到銳步。
問(wèn):有一個(gè)概念是阿迪達(dá)斯代表了德國(guó)的工程師,是跑鞋中的寶馬(the BMW),而銳步更多的是街頭的時(shí)尚,這一點(diǎn)對(duì)嗎?畢竟,你來(lái)自寶潔(Procter & Gamble)而不是寶馬。
答:但是我們剛剛宣布了一個(gè)與保時(shí)捷(Porsche)的合作!我要說(shuō)對(duì)德國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō),(這個(gè)概念)它是一個(gè)陳辭濫調(diào)?這一點(diǎn)過(guò)去是對(duì)的,現(xiàn)在我不敢肯定。我們現(xiàn)在肯定是更加專(zhuān)業(yè)的體育方面的品牌,希望成為在革新和向市場(chǎng)推出新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品方面的領(lǐng)袖。而銳步更多的是美國(guó)的運(yùn)動(dòng)和生活方式-受到音樂(lè)鼓動(dòng)的品牌。
問(wèn):你說(shuō)了品牌的特質(zhì)將保持分離,你認(rèn)為品牌的特質(zhì)將會(huì)徹底的改變嗎?
答:不,我不這樣認(rèn)為。我們肯定是較多的植根于歐洲的體育、例如足球方面的運(yùn)動(dòng)品牌。銳步更多的是與美國(guó)體育聯(lián)系在一起,例如棒球和美式足球。
問(wèn):你如何保證增效的效應(yīng),同時(shí),保持每個(gè)品牌的特質(zhì)?
答:我認(rèn)為這兩個(gè)品牌是十分互補(bǔ)的,從地域開(kāi)始。銳步在美國(guó)比我們要強(qiáng),但是我們?cè)跉W洲和亞洲要強(qiáng)得多。當(dāng)你注意運(yùn)動(dòng)的種類(lèi)…他們?cè)谂詷I(yè)務(wù)方面十分強(qiáng)勁,(尤其是)女性有氧健身。我們有個(gè)人運(yùn)動(dòng),跑步和網(wǎng)球。
消費(fèi)者的基礎(chǔ)是不同的,我們朝向的是真正的運(yùn)動(dòng)員和體育專(zhuān)業(yè)人士,而銳步更多的是時(shí)尚和音樂(lè)聯(lián)系在一起。銳步在城市黑人的市場(chǎng)上無(wú)疑比我我們強(qiáng)得多,這方面我們根本沒(méi)有消費(fèi)者的基礎(chǔ)。
問(wèn):哪些部門(mén)你想組合到一起,哪些你想保持分離?
答:前臺(tái),營(yíng)銷(xiāo)和銷(xiāo)售,我們將保持分離。所有的后臺(tái),行政,我們肯定會(huì)合并。無(wú)疑我們能夠做很多事,從媒體的競(jìng)買(mǎi)權(quán)到外包,我們的產(chǎn)品外包接近50億歐元(61.5億美元),肯定有增效的方面。
問(wèn):例如,你將會(huì)有聯(lián)合的媒體竟買(mǎi),但是富有創(chuàng)造力的廣告方面將保持分離?
答:完全正確。涉及到媒體竟買(mǎi)的時(shí)候,當(dāng)然我們會(huì)運(yùn)用這一點(diǎn)獲取規(guī)模上的經(jīng)濟(jì)好處。
問(wèn):讓我們回到這個(gè)是如何開(kāi)始的,你和銳步的CEO保羅.費(fèi)爾曼(Paul Fireman)是在去年的雅典奧運(yùn)會(huì)上初次相遇的?
答:我認(rèn)識(shí)保羅已經(jīng)好幾年了,我們之前在好幾個(gè)場(chǎng)合都碰過(guò)面。我們因?yàn)樯獾脑蚨荚谘诺,我們一起喝了次咖啡。我們談到了生意、市?chǎng),當(dāng)然還有美國(guó),因?yàn)槲覀儍蓚(gè)都不滿(mǎn)意我們?cè)诿绹?guó)的地位,如果與我們的主要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者(耐克)比較的話(huà)。這個(gè)我把它稱(chēng)為起點(diǎn)。
(后來(lái))我們通過(guò)電話(huà)保持聯(lián)系。之后,我想該是在11月,我在美國(guó)的事辦完了,就給保羅打了個(gè)電話(huà),說(shuō):“有時(shí)間吃午飯嗎?”我們坐到了一起--然后,這個(gè)主意真的變成了現(xiàn)實(shí),密集的商談開(kāi)始了。
問(wèn):你認(rèn)為與銳步的談判中最艱難的部分是什么?
答:我確實(shí)也認(rèn)為這對(duì)于保羅來(lái)說(shuō)這是一個(gè)傷感的決定,因?yàn)檫@是它的孩子。他建立了這個(gè)公司,讓它成長(zhǎng)起來(lái)--要賣(mài)掉它并不容易。但是他是一個(gè)非常職業(yè)的生意人,你可以從他的感受中了解到,“如果我想看到我的公司在未來(lái)繼續(xù)成長(zhǎng),健康發(fā)展,那么最好是我與別人同行。”對(duì)于他而言,顯而易見(jiàn)的伙伴就是阿迪達(dá)斯。
問(wèn):為什么這個(gè)比薩拉蒙(這個(gè)滑雪和體育裝備制造商正在賣(mài)給芬蘭的Amer體育公司的程序之中)的并購(gòu)要好?
答:我希望我們已經(jīng)從薩拉蒙的并購(gòu)中了解到什么做對(duì)了,什么做錯(cuò)了。公平的講,在薩拉蒙里面,Taylor Made(高爾夫產(chǎn)品)部分表現(xiàn)得非常之好,薩拉蒙的部分經(jīng)營(yíng)得不好。冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)和裝備業(yè)務(wù)是與運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋和服裝完全不同的東西。
銳步的生意--這是我們已經(jīng)從事了75年事情,營(yíng)銷(xiāo)運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋和服裝。我們熟悉這一行業(yè)的所有運(yùn)動(dòng)員,我們熟悉如何生產(chǎn),我們熟悉如何營(yíng)銷(xiāo),我們熟悉零售伙伴,我們熟悉銳步的實(shí)力與弱點(diǎn),因?yàn)槲覀兊墓ぷ骶褪欠治龈?jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。這與8年前是完全不同的事情。
問(wèn):你預(yù)計(jì)你的這個(gè)動(dòng)作會(huì)引發(fā)這一行業(yè)其它動(dòng)作嗎?
答:我個(gè)人認(rèn)為合并還會(huì)繼續(xù)。
問(wèn):什么樣的交易我們將會(huì)看到?
答:我不知道。昨天每一個(gè)人都在猜測(cè)耐克是否會(huì)收購(gòu)彪馬。
(引自Business Week,翻譯:Rainpoem)
Adidas:If the shoes fits…
CEO Herbert Hainer explains the logic behind the Reebok deal, and why he sees the combined outfit making great strides
Adidas-Salomon CEO Herbert Hainer may be one of the fittest CEOs in Europe -- testimony to how much time he spends using one of his company s signature products: running shoes. The slender, former semi-pro soccer player needed plenty of stamina in recent weeks as he feverishly put the final touches on Adidas $3.8 billion acquisition of Canton (Mass.) -based sports apparel maker Reebok International (see BW Online, 8/4/05, "Reebok and Adidas: A Good Fit").
Before announcing the deal Aug. 3, Hainer and his staff and advisers worked through the night at Adidas headquarters in the Bavarian town of Herzogenaurach. Then Hainer immediately set out on a worldwide tour to sell the investment community on the merits of the deal. He took time to speak with BusinessWeek European Regional Editor Jack Ewing in Frankfurt. Edited excerpts of their conversation follow:
Q: You ve just done road shows in London and Frankfurt, and next week you ll be doing the same in New York and Boston. What kind of reaction are you getting from investors and analysts?
A: Good, I guess. The best measurement is always the share price, and the share price reacted quite positively. I believe the majority of people are reacting positively.
Q: On the conference call after the deal was announced you mentioned that the acquisition will improve your product development. Are you going to be combining Adidas and Reebok research and development?
A: We definitely will keep the two brands separated but they definitely will share much more information on the R&D side, such as patents or new technology.
Our R&D department is developing more innovations and technologies than we can launch within the Adidas group. You need the money, you need the people, you need the energy and [all] this you can definitely share on a much broader base. A certain technology could start with the Adidas brand and be introduced to Reebok a year later.
Q: There is a perception that Adidas represents the German engineers, the BMW of running shoes, while Reebok (RBK ) is more the style of the street. Is that true? After all, you come from Procter & Gamble (PG ), not BMW.
A: But we have just announced a cooperation with Porsche! I would say for the Germans [the perception] is a clich?that was right in the past. I m not sure it s correct now. We are definitely the more dedicated sports- performance brand which wants to be the leader in innovation and bringing new technological performance products to the market. Whereas Reebok is much more the American sports and lifestyle- and music-inspired brand.
Q: You said the brand identities are going to remain separate. Do you see the brand identities changing at all?
A: No, I don t think so. We will definitely be the sports-performance brand rooted in more European sports like football. Reebok is much more linked with American sports such as baseball, American football.
Q: How do you make sure you get the synergies and, at the same time, keep each brand s identity?
A: I believe the brands are very complementary. Start with the geographical areas. Reebok is stronger in the U.S. than we, but we are much stronger in Europe and Asia. When you look at sports categories...they are very strong in women s business, [especially] women s aerobic fitness. We have the individual sports, running or tennis.
The consumer base is different. We go to the real athletes and sports performance people, where Reebok is more linked to fashion and music. Reebok is definitely much [stronger] with the black urban market, where we don t have a consumer base at all.
Q: Which departments do you put together and which do you keep separate?
A: The front end, marketing and sales, we will keep separate. All the back office, administration, we definitely will combine. We definitely can do a lot. It starts with our buying power in the media, and sourcing. We are sourcing close to 5 billion euros ($6.15 billion) in products. There must be synergies you can take out.
Q: For instance, you would have joint media buying, but the creative side of your advertising will stay separate?
A: Exactly. When it comes to media buying, of course we will use that to get some economies of scale.
Q: Let s go back to how this got started. You and Reebok CEO Paul Fireman first met at the Athens Olympics last year?
A: I ve known Paul for several years and we had met before on several occasions. We were for business reasons both in Athens. We had a cup of coffee. We talked about the business, about the market, and of course about the U.S. because we both are not happy about our position in the U.S. vis-a-vis our main competitor [Nike (NKE )]. This I would call the starting point.
[Afterward] we stayed in contact via telephone. Then, I think it was in November, I was over in the U.S. and I called Paul and said, "Do you have time for lunch?" We were sitting together -- and then the idea really became reality. And the intense discussions started.
Q: What was the most difficult part of the Reebok negotiations?
A: I do believe for Paul it was an emotional decision as well because this is his baby, he founded the company, he built it up -- to sell it is not so easy. But he is a very professional business guy. You can see he felt, "If I want to see my company growing in the future and staying healthy then it is better I go together with somebody." It was clear the obvious partner for him was Adidas.
Q: Why will this work better than your acquisition of Salomon [the ski and sports equipment maker which Adidas is in the process of selling to Finland s Amer Sports Corp.]?
A: I hope we have learned out of the Salomon acquisition what went well and what went wrong. It s fair to say within Salomon that the Taylor Made [golf products] part went extremely well. The Salomon part didn t run so well. The winter [sports] and hardware business is a different animal than the sneaker and apparel business.
The Reebok business -- this is what we ve been doing for 75 years, marketing sport shoes and apparel. We know all the players in the industry, we know how to produce, we know how to market, we know the retail partners. We know the strengths and weaknesses of Reebok because our job was to analyze our competitors. This is definitely a different thing than eight years ago.
Q: Do you expect the move you have made to prompt other moves in the industry?
A: I personally believe consolidation will continue.
Q: Any ideas about what kind of deals we might see?
A: I don t know. Everybody was speculating yesterday whether Nike is buying Puma.
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